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Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company
The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR)〔 was a holding company of manufacturers of record-keeping and measuring systems subsequently known as IBM.
It was created in 1911 by financier and noted trust organizer Charles R. Flint through the consolidation of four companies: The Tabulating Machine Company, International Time Recording Company, Computing Scale Company of America, and the Bundy Manufacturing Company.〔(NY Times June 10, 1911 ''Tabulating Concerns Unite: Flint & Co. Bring Four Together with $19,000,000 capital )〕 Located in Endicott it was renamed International Business Machines (IBM) in 1924.〔IBM Archives ''The new company is based in New York City and has 1,300 employees.''()〕
The individual companies of CTR continued to operate using their established names until the businesses were integrated in 1933 and the holding company eliminated.〔For example, the last page of (The Inventory Simplified ), published in 1923, states by the "The Tabulating Machine Company - Division of - International Business Machines Corporation.〕 They manufactured a wide range of products, including employee time-keeping systems, weighing scales, automatic meat slicers, and punched card equipment.〔
==Predecessors==
Since the 1960s or earlier, IBM has described its formation as a merger of three companies: The Tabulating Machine Company (1880s origin in Washington, DC), the International Time Recording Company (ITR; 1900, Endicott), and the Computing Scale Company of America (1901, Dayton, Ohio).〔Austrian (1982) p.312〕〔Belden, Martin; Belden, Marva (1961). ''The Lengthening Shadow - The Life of Thomas J. Watson'', Little, Brown; p.92〕〔 However there was no merger, it was a consolidation, and a consolidation of four, not three, companies. The 1911 CTR stock prospectus states that the Bundy Manufacturing Company was also included.〔 While ITR had acquired its time recording business in 1900 Bundy had remained a separate entity producing an adding machine and other wares.〔(Early Office Museum )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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